What is Gouty Arthritis?

Gouty arthritis, or gout, is a form of arthritis in which uric acid crystals are deposited on the cartilage surrounding a joint, causing pain, swelling and stiffness. Gouty arthritis usually occurs in one joint and is most often seen in the big toe, although it also occurs in the knee, ankle, elbow, wrist, and other joints.

As increased uric acid crystals in the blood are caused by a diet heavy in protein rich foods, gout is seen more often in people who eat diets rich in protein. Gouty arthritis shows up most often in middle aged men, in people who are obese, and in people who have hypertension or are at risk for hypertension. Diabetes and heart disease are also indicators for gout. In addition, consumption of beer and soda can increase the risk for gout.

This disease will onset suddenly with acute, burning pain and extreme swelling at the affected joint. The area may appear red and warm to the touch, and the person may run a low grade fever. Pain may be caused by the crystals rubbing on the tendons inside the joint and by the inflammation around the joint, resulting in the pain being quite severe.

Treatment for gouty arthritis involves several types of medications, including anti-inflammatory medications, cortisone shots, and topical treatments. Elevation and ice packs may also be used during acute attacks. Certain types of diuretic medications (water pills) have also been tried to treat gout, but not all doctors agree on the use of these drugs.

Long term life style changes, including reducing intake of protein and fat, soda, and beer may be necessary. Increasing daily water intake and eating certain types of foods that may lower uric acid levels, such as bing cherries or celery, may also be helpful. Although some diuretic medications have been used in the treatment of gout, diuretic foods and over the counter medications should be avoided unless prescribed by a physician. The life style changes involved are similar to changes a person would make when dealing with hypertension or heart disease, and gout may occur secondary to these conditions anyway.

For more information on gouty arthritis, or gout, please visit The Arthritis Foundation website at http://www.arthritis.org